Oncoplastic techniques in the conservative surgical treatment of breast cancer.

Conservative surgery has become a well-established alternative to mastectomy in the treatment of breast cancer. However, in case of larger lesions or small-size breasts, the removal of adequate volumes of breast tissue to achieve tumor-free margins and reduce the risk of local relapse may compromise the cosmetic outcome, causing unpleasant results. In order to address this issue, new surgical techniques, so-called oncoplastic techniques, have been introduced in recent years to optimize the efficacy of conservative surgery both in terms of local control and cosmetic results. This article discusses the indications, advantages, and limitations of these techniques and their results in terms of local recurrence and overall survival.